What caused the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan in 1979 Essay

What caused the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan in 1979 - Essay Example In the second part, the role of Brezhnev and Troika to invade Afghanistan will show us the behavior, which compelled them to initiate a risk taking behavior. In the third part, analysis of the whole events will be presented. The Evaluation of the situation, which will help us understand the causes of Soviet invasion in Afghanistan. In the end, a conclusion will be provide which will sum up the political events happening in Afghanistan projecting the role of United States in South Asia and the aftereffects of the war on Soviets. At the time of invasion, there were two important systems of government, which were having their rule. The capitalist countries like United States where the resources are in the hand of few influential people and Communism in which there is the distribution of all its resources to bring equality, which Soviets tried to spread throughout their region and Afghanistan. Causes of invasion given to Soviets A War of Liberation: The soviet people were given the reaso n of their invasion of Afghanistan was for the liberation of the Afghan communists. This paper will be presenting different arguments, which led to the atrocities carried out by Soviets and the impact of the war in Afghanistan and its implication in the history of the Soviets and the whole region.... The Soviet ideology was Atheism, so they wanted to create a stable communist society, portraying that the system needs to be reformed, and they need to safeguard the government from Islamic fundamentalism4 (Cordovez 1995). Analysis through political events: In reality these were not the cases. In order to understand the causes of the Soviet invasion we are projecting all the events that took place due to which the war was fought which resulted in devastation for both, the Soviets and the Afghani’s. Afghanistan: Early Years (1971-1978) During 1971-1978, Afghanistan was considered as one of the most under developed nation of the world. There was a terrible drought in the region during 1971-1973 due to which there was a breakdown in their economy, and Afghanistan had to turn to other countries like West Germany, Iran, United States and USSR for support. During this time besides economic crises, there was also a lot of political unrest in the country. This political instability al so contributed in increasing the country’s problems5. At that time a political party - â€Å"People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA)† was the most popular party, which had a major role, is causing distress in the country. This party was formed in 1965, which constituted of 30 Afghans and most of the members of PDPA had got their military training in the USSR. It was seen that there were many issues between its two leaders, Nur Mohammad Taraki and Babrak Karmal. Both the parties strived for power and due to the differences in 1967, Karmal formed his own party by the same name PDPA, but its identification was named as ‘Parcham’ (banner). The two parties started

Convergence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Convergence - Essay Example The Voice over Internet Protocol or VoIP is the most significant convergence service that is expected. It had been forecasted to generate $196 billion in 2007and by 2008, 20% of U.S. homes are expected to have VoIP telephones. Over $1 trillion in revenues through 2010 may be generated by aggregate VoIP revenue between now and 2010 alone. From a wide variety of business and consumer Internet Protocol appliances, convergence may also generate new revenue which includes next generation digital music players, home entertainment systems, home video phones as well as enterprise collaboration system. By 2010 the value of this market was forecasted to be worth almost $90 billion, over the next five years cumulate value will be $360 billion. Through 2010, other emerging products and services which would generate sizeable revenues include the following: enterprise collaboration software ($60 billion); Internet Protocol Television (IPTV, $55 billion); mobile phone content ($50 billion); network games ($35 billion); online music ($20 billion)."2 For the past decade, convergence wherein voice, video as well as data communications are supported by a single network has been an important future direction. As more legacy communications infrastructure is upgraded to integrated internet protocol (IP) equipment it will continuously give importance to future direction. Networking is simplified through network convergence, wherein instead of two three or more, it creates one infrastructure to operate and manage. All sorts of interactive as well as real-time multimedia applications and processes could conceivably be supported by converged network. When network convergence was first being proposed through Internet Protocol technology, about 10 years ago, it was a different age for communications and it was a time when in separate network universes, voice and data existed. Moreover, it was segregated by infrastructure which was designed to avoid interference. Internet Protocol eventually became the building block for singular pathway for all forms of network communications. For the past decade, network convergence has focused on voice-data integration in telephony through Internet Protocol technology. IP telephony session was held last week and a group of approximately 30 IT professionals including technical representatives from IBM Canada Ltd. As well as Cisco Systems Canada Co. assembled in order to discuss the driving business values of the technology. The discussion was focused initially on the most popular and proven of application of network convergence which eventually led to examining greater value of consolidating busi ness networks into one.3 In the near term, the health region has a need for a revamped telephony strategy in order to replace its aging as well as costly equipment and services. However, over time, there is a plan to address a wide range of communications challenges. At an "end of life" condition within five years, the health region has a large number of single-purpose propriety networks. During his presentation, Mr. Beaurivage, states that "Converging these single-purpose networks onto one IP-based platform offers unique integration possibilities."4